Spending behaviour

Liveliness

Compares, across the whole history of Bitcoin, how much of the supply's accumulated "age" has been spent versus saved — a gauge of whether aggregate behavior looks more like saving or spending.

Why it matters

It rises when old coins move more than usual; it falls when holders accumulate faster than they spend. It's a whole-history thermometer, not a short-term signal.

Build it yourself

Liveliness and Vaultedness mirror each other — move them up or down and check they always add up to 1.

Liveliness = Coin-days destroyed ÷ Coin-days created
Liveliness

Vaultedness (= 1 − Liveliness):

Illustrative example numbers for practice — not real data.

How it's calculated, step by step

  1. Cumulative coin-days destroyed = the running total of daily CDD (see the CDD indicator above).
  2. Cumulative coin-days created = every day, all existing circulating supply accumulates one more day of "age", whether it moves or not — circulating supply (market cap ÷ price) is integrated day by day.
  3. Liveliness = cumulative coin-days destroyed ÷ cumulative coin-days created.
Descriptive. Originally proposed by Tamás Blummer (2018); the "Cointime Economics" framework by James Check (Glassnode) and David Puell (ARK Invest), August 2023, reformalized it in terms of "coinblocks" created and destroyed — the formula here is checked against that public definition. It's a slow, whole-history indicator, not a short-term one.

Chart

This is real Bitcoin data, computed from the blockchain — not the illustrative example above.

Data last updated on 2026-09-09.

← All indicators